Main Telegram Bot Function#

Background#

This code are implemented on Google App Script and link to a Google Sheets
In this page is just the basic Telegram bot api on google Script

Set up#

Create Telegram Bot#

Use @BotFather from Telegram to create a bot
The bot token will be generated once done

Create Google Create App Script#

Method 1: Through Google Sheets#

In your sheets tool bar: Extensions > App Script

Alt Text

Create your project name. Can be anything

Method 2: Through Google App Script#

Go to Google App Script
Create a new project
Create your project name. Can be anything

Telegram Bot Code#

Set Variables#

Copy the bot token and insert it into the token , line 1
webAppUrl can be blank as it will only be generated once the script is deployed
myid is your own unique telegram ID.
- Use @raw_info_bot to get your unique chat id.
- This will be used to check the message to the bot is from this ID.

Code:#

var token = 'xxxxxxxxx1234zzzzz';
var webAppUrl = 'https://script.google.com/xxxxxxxx'
var telegramurl = 'https://api.telegram.org/bot' + token;
var myid = '123456789'

Set `/help` command text#

Code:#

var help_msg = `
/info : for debuging

/help : this list will be printed

You can write anything in this text
`

Initalise the bot#

To Fetch the bot
Webhook to set the bot to this script
Included removeWebhook to remove the bot if needed

Code:#

function getMe() {
  var url = telegramUrl + "/getMe";
  var response = UrlFetchApp.fetch(url);
  Logger.log(response.getContentText());
}


function setWebhook() {
  var url = telegramUrl + "/setWebhook?url=" + webAppUrl;
  var response = UrlFetchApp.fetch(url);
  Logger.log(response.getContentText());
}


function removeWebhook() {
  var url = telegramUrl + "/setWebhook?remove";
  var response = UrlFetchApp.fetch(url);
  Logger.log(response.getContentText());
}


function doGet(e) {
  return HtmlService.createHtmlOutput("Bot is working");
}

Run:#

Save the script and run the following function:

Run getMe()
Run setWebhook()
- This is to set the bot to this script
Run doGet(e)

Basic Bot Method#

There are more methods available you can refer to the Telegram Bot API Docs
Most of my functions just takes in the neccessary arguments. There are optional arguments that can be added

Code:#

function setCommand() {
  var data = {
    method: "post",
    payload: {
      method: "setMyCommands",
      commands: JSON.stringify([
        {
          command: 'today',
          description: "See Today's Calendar"
        },
        {
          command: 'help',
          description: 'Get Help'
        }
      ]
      )
    }
  };
  UrlFetchApp.fetch(telegramUrl + '/', data);
}


function forwardMessage(id,from_chat_id,message_id){
  var data = {
      method: "post",
      payload: {
        method: "forwardMessage",
        chat_id: String(id),
        from_chat_id : String(from_chat_id),
        message_id : message_id,
        parse_mode: "HTML",
      }
    }
    UrlFetchApp.fetch('https://api.telegram.org/bot' + token + '/', data);
}


function sendText(id, text, keyboard,notification) {
  if (keyboard == undefined && notification == undefined) {
    var url = telegramUrl + "/sendMessage?chat_id=" + id + "&text=" + encodeURIComponent(text);
    UrlFetchApp.fetch(url);

  } else if (notification == false) {
    var url = telegramUrl + "/sendMessage?chat_id=" + id + "&text=" + encodeURIComponent(text) + "&disable_notification=True";
    UrlFetchApp.fetch(url);

  } else {
    var data = {
      method: "post",
      payload: {
        method: "sendMessage",
        chat_id: String(id),
        text: text,
        parse_mode: "HTML",
        reply_markup: JSON.stringify(keyboard)
      }
    }
    UrlFetchApp.fetch('https://api.telegram.org/bot' + token + '/', data);
  }
}


function sendPhoto(id,photo,caption,keyboard){
  if(keyboard == undefined){
    var data = {
      method: "post",
      payload: {
        method: "sendPhoto",
        chat_id: String(id),
        photo: String(photo),
        caption: String(caption),
        parse_mode: "HTML",
      }
    }
    UrlFetchApp.fetch('https://api.telegram.org/bot' + token + '/', data);

  } else {
    var data = {
      method: "post",
      payload: {
        method: "sendPhoto",
        chat_id: String(id),
        photo: String(photo),
        caption: String(caption),
        parse_mode: "HTML",
        reply_markup: JSON.stringify(keyboard)
      }
    }
    UrlFetchApp.fetch('https://api.telegram.org/bot' + token + '/', data);
  }
}


function reply_text(id, message_id, text) {
  var url = telegramUrl + "/sendMessage?chat_id=" + id + "&reply_to_message_id=" + message_id + "&text=" + text;
  UrlFetchApp.fetch(url);
}


function deleteMessage(msgid, chatid) {
  var data = {
    method: "post",
    payload: {
      method: "deleteMessage",
      chat_id: String(chatid),
      message_id: String(msgid)
    }
  };
  UrlFetchApp.fetch(telegramUrl + "/", data);

}


function create_reply_markup(name,data){
  var data =
          [{
            "text": name,
            "callback_data": data
          }]
  return data
}


function reply_markup(name,data){
  var make_button = {"inline_keyboard": []}
  var buttons = []
  var arrlenght = name.length

  for (var i = 0; i <arrlenght; i++){
    buttons.push(create_reply_markup(name[i],data[i]))
  }

  make_button.inline_keyboard = buttons
  return make_button
}

Code Explanation:#

Set Command#

This is to set the command for the bot.
It will appear to user with the '/' icon beside the sticker
Easier way to run command without typing it
Note!!:
- No spacing in the command is allowed
- No capital letter allowed
Once done, Run the function alone

Forward Message#

This is to forward message
Arguments needed:
- id: Chat ID to forward the chat to
- from_chat_id: Chat ID of orign message
- message_id: Message ID to get the specific message to forward

Send Text#

To send text
can be PM, Group Chat or Channel, all depends on the Chat ID
Arguments needed:
- id: Chat ID to send the text to
- text: The text message to send
- keyboard: Any reply markup or other keyboard replies
- notification: Silent text or notify user when the message is sent (Boolean)

Send Photo#

To send photo to user
Arguments needed:
- id: Chat ID to send the image to
- photo: The photo URL to send the image
- caption: Caption for the image sent
- keyboard: Any reply markup or other keyboard replies

Reply Text#

Reply to the specific text
Arguments needed:
- id: the chat id
- message_id: the message id of the message to reply to
- text: text to reply to that message

Delete Message#

Delete Specific Message
Arguments needed:
- msgid: Message id of the message to be deleted
- chatid: Chat ID of the message

Create Reply Markup#

A supporting function for Reply Markup function

Reply Markup#

The reply text bellow the message sent
Most of a time it's a command
Arguments needed:
- name: the text to be appear to the user
- data: the command behind the text

Alt text

Get Input from Bot#

This part is the input from bot
The input will be taken in from the function called doPost(e)
I've Split the input to 2 parts 1. First part is to check the type of data and if it is from a approved ID 2. Secondly it will then just run the function that the bot recieve

Bot Input#

function doPost(e) {
  var data = JSON.parse(e.postData.contents);

  // If it is a callback data from inline keyboard
  if (data.callback_query) {
    var id = data.callback_query.from.id;
    var text = data.callback_query.data;
    var mssgid = data.callback_query.message.message_id;
    var type = data.callback_query.chat;

    // Check ID
    if (id == myid || id == myid2) {
      from_bot(id, text, data)
      if (id != myid){
        sendText(myid,"@"+data.callback_query.from.username+" Just use a reply markup : "+text)
      }
    } else {
      sendText(id,"What you want?")
      sendText(myid,"@"+data.callback_query.from.username+" Just use a reply markup : "+text)
    }

  // If just normal input
  } else if (data.message) {
      var id = data.message.chat.id;
      var text = data.message.text;
      var mssgid = data.message.message_id
      var type = data.message.chat.type

      if (id != myid){
          sendText(myid,"@"+data.message.from.username+" Just type : "+text,undefined,false)
          forwardMessage(myid,id,mssgid)
      }

      if (type !== "group"){
        deleteMessage(mssgid,id)
      }

      if (text.includes('/info')) {
        return info(id,data)

      } else if (text.includes('/start')){
        return sendText(id,"Yes?")
      }

      // Check ID
      if (id == myid || id == myid2) {
        from_bot(id, text, data)

      } else {
        sendText(id,"What you want?")
        sendText(myid,"@"+data.message.from.username+" Just type : "+text)
      }
}

Explanation :#

Firstly the data will be Parse
Check if data is call back query ; from a reply markup
Get the neccessar data such as id, message id and the text
Check if ID is in equal to myid which is set earlier on - I allowed another user to access my bot hence there is myid2 which I also added into the the variable earlier on - I added a line to send the a message to myself so that when other people are using my bot I will be informed (just for fun)
If some how someone sent a reply markup and the id is not from the approved list, it will reply back a text and informed me
Same thing as call back query with just minor changes - The changes:
- Delete message is it is a PM (Just to make the chat history looks neat)
- If the message is /info or /start then the neccessary reply will be run

The bot will called the next function when it is approved and will pass in the arguments:
Chat ID
Text from the bot
The whole text data

Run function#

When the ID is allowed, the following function will be run from the previous function

function from_bot(id, text, data) {
  var command = text.toLowerCase();

  if (data.message){
    var mssgid = data.message.message_id
  }

  if (command.includes('/info')) {
    return info(id,data)

  } else if (command.includes('/delete')) {
    return dell(text)

  } else if (command.includes('/help')){
    var newmsgid = Number(mssgid) + 1
    const delete_command = "/delete " + newmsgid + "," + id
    sendText(id,help_msg,reply_markup(["Done"], [delete_command]))

  } else if (command.includes('/rain')){
    var newmsgid = Number(mssgid) + 1
    const delete_command = "/delete " + newmsgid + "," + id
    sendText(id,rain(),reply_markup(["Done"], [delete_command]))


  } else {
    sendText(id, "Check command")
  }
}

This is just and example.

Deployment#

Once the script is coded, time to deploy it

On top Right there should be a Deployment button
Select New Deployment

Deployment

In New Deployment > Select Type : select Web app

New Deployment

Refer to picture bellow for configuration

Deployment config

Authorize access - Select Go to (unsafe) - Just allow everything

access

Once completed, Web app url will be generated - Copy out the Web app URL

done

Insert the Web app URL into line 2 of your script
This time, instead of New deployment, select Manage deployment

manage deployment

Press edit (the pencil icon on top right)
Select new version

manage deployment

Description can put anything
Deploy

Done! You can now try your bot in Telegram

The whole code#

var token = 'xxxxxxxxx1234zzzzz';
var webAppUrl = 'https://script.google.com/xxxxxxxx'
var telegramurl = 'https://api.telegram.org/bot' + token;
var myid = '123456789'

var help_msg = `
/info : for debuging

/help : this list will be printed

You can write anything in this text
`

// Initalise only ######################

function getMe() {
  var url = telegramUrl + "/getMe";
  var response = UrlFetchApp.fetch(url);
  Logger.log(response.getContentText());
}


function setWebhook() {
  var url = telegramUrl + "/setWebhook?url=" + webAppUrl;
  var response = UrlFetchApp.fetch(url);
  Logger.log(response.getContentText());
}


function removeWebhook() {
  var url = telegramUrl + "/setWebhook?remove";
  var response = UrlFetchApp.fetch(url);
  Logger.log(response.getContentText());
}


function doGet(e) {
  return HtmlService.createHtmlOutput("HHH's Bot");
}

// ###################### Useful part > Return to Telegram ######################

function setCommand() {
  var data = {
    method: "post",
    payload: {
      method: "setMyCommands",
      commands: JSON.stringify([
        {
          command: 'today',
          description: "See Today's Calendar"
        },
        {
          command: 'help',
          description: 'Get Help'
        }
      ]
      )
    }
  };
  UrlFetchApp.fetch(telegramUrl + '/', data);
}


function forwardMessage(id,from_chat_id,message_id){
  var data = {
      method: "post",
      payload: {
        method: "forwardMessage",
        chat_id: String(id),
        from_chat_id : String(from_chat_id),
        message_id : message_id,
        parse_mode: "HTML",
      }
    }
    UrlFetchApp.fetch('https://api.telegram.org/bot' + token + '/', data);
}


function sendText(id, text, keyboard,notification) {
  if (keyboard == undefined && notification == undefined) {
    var url = telegramUrl + "/sendMessage?chat_id=" + id + "&text=" + encodeURIComponent(text);
    UrlFetchApp.fetch(url);

  } else if (notification == false) {
    var url = telegramUrl + "/sendMessage?chat_id=" + id + "&text=" + encodeURIComponent(text) + "&disable_notification=True";
    UrlFetchApp.fetch(url);

  } else {
    var data = {
      method: "post",
      payload: {
        method: "sendMessage",
        chat_id: String(id),
        text: text,
        parse_mode: "HTML",
        reply_markup: JSON.stringify(keyboard)
      }
    }
    UrlFetchApp.fetch('https://api.telegram.org/bot' + token + '/', data);
  }
}


function sendPhoto(id,photo,caption,keyboard){
  if(keyboard == undefined){
    var data = {
      method: "post",
      payload: {
        method: "sendPhoto",
        chat_id: String(id),
        photo: String(photo),
        caption: String(caption),
        parse_mode: "HTML",
      }
    }
    UrlFetchApp.fetch('https://api.telegram.org/bot' + token + '/', data);

  } else {
    var data = {
      method: "post",
      payload: {
        method: "sendPhoto",
        chat_id: String(id),
        photo: String(photo),
        caption: String(caption),
        parse_mode: "HTML",
        reply_markup: JSON.stringify(keyboard)
      }
    }
    UrlFetchApp.fetch('https://api.telegram.org/bot' + token + '/', data);
  }
}


function reply_text(id, message_id, text) {
  var url = telegramUrl + "/sendMessage?chat_id=" + id + "&reply_to_message_id=" + message_id + "&text=" + text;
  UrlFetchApp.fetch(url);
}


function deleteMessage(msgid, chatid) {
  var data = {
    method: "post",
    payload: {
      method: "deleteMessage",
      chat_id: String(chatid),
      message_id: String(msgid)
    }
  };
  UrlFetchApp.fetch(telegramUrl + "/", data);

}


function create_reply_markup(name,data){
  var data =
          [{
            "text": name,
            "callback_data": data
          }]
  return data
}


function reply_markup(name,data){
  var make_button = {"inline_keyboard": []}
  var buttons = []
  var arrlenght = name.length

  for (var i = 0; i <arrlenght; i++){
    buttons.push(create_reply_markup(name[i],data[i]))
  }

  make_button.inline_keyboard = buttons
  return make_button
}


// ###################### INPUTS ######################


function doPost(e) {
  var data = JSON.parse(e.postData.contents);

  // If it is a callback data from inline keyboard
  if (data.callback_query) {
    var id = data.callback_query.from.id;
    var text = data.callback_query.data;
    var mssgid = data.callback_query.message.message_id;
    var type = data.callback_query.chat;

    // Check ID
    if (id == myid || id == myid2) {
      from_bot(id, text, data)
      if (id != myid){
        sendText(myid,"@"+data.callback_query.from.username+" Just use a reply markup : "+text)
      }
    } else {
      sendText(id,"What you want?")
      sendText(myid,"@"+data.callback_query.from.username+" Just use a reply markup : "+text)
    }

  // If just normal input
  } else if (data.message) {
      var id = data.message.chat.id;
      var text = data.message.text;
      var mssgid = data.message.message_id
      var type = data.message.chat.type

      if (id != myid){
          sendText(myid,"@"+data.message.from.username+" Just type : "+text,undefined,false)
          forwardMessage(myid,id,mssgid)
      }

      if (type !== "group"){
        deleteMessage(mssgid,id)
      }

      if (text.includes('/info')) {
        return info(id,data)

      } else if (text.includes('/start')){
        return sendText(id,"Yes?")
      }

      // Check ID
      if (id == myid || id == myid2) {
        from_bot(id, text, data)

      } else {
        sendText(id,"What you want?")
        sendText(myid,"@"+data.message.from.username+" Just type : "+text)
      }
}


function from_bot(id, text, data) {
  var command = text.toLowerCase();

  if (data.message){
    var mssgid = data.message.message_id
  }

  if (command.includes('/info')) {
    return info(id,data)

  } else if (command.includes('/delete')) {
    return dell(text)

  } else if (command.includes('/help')){
    var newmsgid = Number(mssgid) + 1
    const delete_command = "/delete " + newmsgid + "," + id
    sendText(id,help_msg,reply_markup(["Done"], [delete_command]))

  } else if (command.includes('/rain')){
    var newmsgid = Number(mssgid) + 1
    const delete_command = "/delete " + newmsgid + "," + id
    sendText(id,rain(),reply_markup(["Done"], [delete_command]))


  } else {
    sendText(id, "Check command")
  }
}

Main Telegram Bot Function#

Background#

Set up#

Create Telegram Bot#

Create Google Create App Script#

Method 1: Through Google Sheets#

Method 2: Through Google App Script#

Telegram Bot Code#

Set Variables#

Code:#

Set /help command text#

Code:#

Initalise the bot#

Code:#

Run:#

Basic Bot Method#

Code:#

Code Explanation:#

Set Command#

Forward Message#

Send Text#

Send Photo#

Reply Text#

Delete Message#

Create Reply Markup#

Reply Markup#

Get Input from Bot#

Bot Input#

Explanation :#

Run function#

Deployment#

The whole code#

Set `/help` command text#